Author: Ahmed Bilal
Supervisor: Rukhsana Kausar, PhD
Degree: Mphil
Year: 2011-2013
University: Institute of Applied Psychology, Punjab University, Lahore, Pakistan
Abstract
The present study examined the causes of non-adherence among persons with diabetes and the relationship between concern of future consequences, diabetes management self-efficacy, diabetes self-care activities, environmental barriers to adherence, and medication adherence. The qualitative study consisted of interviews of 8 persons with type II diabetes aged 38-55 and 6 medical doctors aged 35-56 recruited through convenience sampling. IPA indicated five major reasons for non-adherence i.e., lack of knowledge, faulty beliefs, life choices, personal and non-personal factors. Quantitative study examined the relationship between concern of future consequences, diabetes management self-efficacy, diabetes self-care activities, environmental barriers to adherence, and medication adherence. Through purposive sampling 143 persons with type II diabetes aged 20 to 65 years were assessed using Urdu versions of scales. Correlation analyses revealed that future consequences were negatively correlated with adherence and environmental barriers whereas positively correlated with diabetes management self-efficacy and self-care activities. Immediate consequences were negatively correlated with adherence, barriers and self-care activities whereas positively correlated with diabetes management self-efficacy. Mediational analyses suggested adherence was positively predicted by self-care activities and future consequences while immediate consequences and self-efficacy negatively predicted adherence. Self-efficacy moderated in relationship between self-care activities and adherence. Environmental barriers moderated between concern for future consequences and adherence. Diabetic adherence is better understood as a matrix between future consequences, self-efficacy, barriers and self-efficacy working in tandem. Diabetes management self- efficacy was negatively correlated with barriers and positively correlated with adherence. The theoretical implication of this study lay in its contribution to the field of health and counseling psychology.
Keywords: Diabetes management self-efficacy, self-care activities, barriers to adherence, type II diabetes.
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Corresponding Address: Department of Applied Psychology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan. Email: chairperson@appsy.pu.edu.pk, Phone: 92-42-9231245
