Author: Kubra Qamar
Supervisor: Dr. Rafia Rafique
Degree: MSc
Year: 2011-2013
University: Institute of Applied Psychology, Punjab University, Lahore, Pakistan
Abstract
The objective of this study was to find out difference in urban and rural women on autonomy, personality traits and happiness. It was hypothesized that women living in urban areas have greater autonomy compared to those living in rural areas. Moreover it was hypothesized that there will be significant differences between urban and rural women on personality traits. It was hypothesized that there will be significant difference on happiness between urban and rural women. Cross sectional research design was used. A sample (N = 100) 50 urban and 50 rural women were selected from Lahore, Jehlum city and their suburbs. The Do Re Mi’s (2003) Personality Questionnaire, (Bekker & Van Assen, 1993) Autonomy Scale and Oxford Happiness Scale (Hills & Argyle, 2000) were employed to infer the proposed hypotheses. Results revealed that there were no significant differences between urban and rural women on autonomy. Rural women were found to be happier than urban women. And urban women were found to be more anxious and upset than rural women. This study sets directions for educating urban women to overcome anxiety by employing anxiety management techniques. Moreover a well-designed quantitative research design can help further infer the differences between urban and rural.
Keywords: Autonomy, Personality Types, Happiness.
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Corresponding Address: Department of Applied Psychology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan. Email: chairperson@appsy.pu.edu.pk, Phone: 92-42-9231245
