Article Title: Bullying Behavior of Pakistani Pre-adolescents: Findings Based on Olweus Questionnaire
Author(s): Rabia Khawar and Farah Malik
Institute(s): Govt. College University, Lahore, GC University Faisalabad; Institute of Applied Psychology, University of the Punjab.
Journal: Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research, 2016, Vol. 31, No. 1, 23-43
Correspondence Address; Rabia Khawar, GC University, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Email: khawarthisend@gmail.com
Abstract
The current study addresses the prevalence and different forms of bullying and peer victimization among 817 students in grades 4 through 6, attending public and private sector schools in Lahore, Pakistan. Four bullying roles were identified with the help of Urdu Version of Olweus Bullying and Victimization Questionnaire (Olweus, 1993): bully only, victims only, bully-victim and uninvolved. Verbal victimization occurred most frequently among victims and bully-victims followed by rumors and exclusion; whereas bullies and bully-victims were mostly involved in verbal, exclusion and physical types of bullying. Results from Chi square revealed equal distribution of bullying roles across gender. Lower grades were associated with more involvement in bullying behavior. MANOVA results indicated significant differences across gender for certain types of victimization. More boys than girls in this sample reported being bullied by verbal, racial and sexual means. Girls outnumbered boys in excluding others, while boys were more frequently involved in verbal, physical, racial and sexual bullying as compared to girls. Cyber bullying was done by boys only. Findings from this study support strategies to increase the meaningful involvement of teachers, parents and students in bullying prevention efforts.
Keywords. Victimization, bullying roles, forms of bullying
